How does ultrasonic machining primarily achieve chip removal?

Ultrasonic machining primarily achieves chip removal through the use of an abrasive slurry that is driven by a vibrating tool. In this process, a tool oscillates at ultrasonic frequencies, creating a high-frequency vibration. This vibration facilitates the movement of the abrasive particles in the slurry, allowing them to impinge upon the workpiece surface at a very high rate. The mechanical action of these abrasive particles effectively removes material from the workpiece, creating chips in the process.

This method is particularly effective for machining hard or brittle materials, where conventional cutting methods may prove insufficient. The combination of the ultrasonic vibrations and the energy supplied by the abrasive particles enhances the material removal rate compared to traditional machining techniques. The ability to precisely control the tool's vibration frequency and amplitude allows for high precision and minimal damage to the surrounding material, making it a preferred option in certain manufacturing applications.