What are the four basic categories of processes used to shape rubber?

The correct answer identifies four fundamental processes that are essential in the shaping of rubber. Each of these processes serves a specific purpose in transforming raw rubber into useful forms suitable for various applications.

Extrusion is a process where rubber is pushed through a die to create shapes such as tubing, seals, or profiles. This method allows for continuous production and enables the creation of complex cross-sectional shapes.

Calendering involves passing rubber through a series of rollers to produce sheets or films of a specific thickness. This technique is crucial for applications requiring uniform thickness and surface finish.

Coating is a process where rubber is applied as a layer over a substrate, often used to enhance properties or provide protection. This method is important in industries where rubber coatings provide benefits like waterproofing or chemical resistance.

Molding is utilized to form rubber into specific shapes using molds. There are different molding techniques, including compression and injection molding, which take advantage of heat and pressure to create durable rubber products.

Understanding these processes is key in contexts where the specific characteristics of rubber products are critical, such as in automotive, aerospace, and consumer goods sectors.